Journal
NATURE GENETICS
Volume 41, Issue 5, Pages 572-578Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/ng.312
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Funding
- US National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship
- University of Queensland Postdoctoral Research Fellowship
- Australian National Health and Medical Research Council [ID 428261]
- Australian NHMRC Fellowship [455857]
- Telethon [TCP00094]
- Associazione Italiana Riecrca sul Cancro (AIRC)
- Compagnia San Paolo
- Australian Research Council Federation Fellowship [ID FF0561986]
- University of Queensland and the Queensland State Government
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of the Japanese Government
- RIKEN Frontier Research System, Functional RNA Research Program
- Medical Research Council [G9900991B] Funding Source: researchfish
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It has been reported that relatively short RNAs of heterogeneous sizes are derived from sequences near the promoters of eukaryotic genes. In conjunction with the FANTOM4 project, we have identified tiny RNAs with a modal length of 18 nt that map within -60 to +120 nt of transcription start sites (TSSs) in human, chicken and Drosophila. These transcription initiation RNAs (tiRNAs) are derived from sequences on the same strand as the TSS and are preferentially associated with G+C-rich promoters. The 5' ends of tiRNAs show peak density 10-30 nt downstream of TSSs, indicating that they are processed. tiRNAs are generally, although not exclusively, associated with highly expressed transcripts and sites of RNA polymerase II binding. We suggest that tiRNAs may be a general feature of transcription in metazoa and possibly all eukaryotes.
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