Journal
NATURE
Volume 555, Issue 7695, Pages 210-+Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/nature25973
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Funding
- Wellcome Trust [076113, 085475]
- Crown Human Genome Center
- Else Kroener Fresenius Foundation
- European Research Council
- Israel Science Foundation
- Gurwin Family Fund for Scientific Research
- Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust
- Helmholtz Foundation
- Israeli Ministry of Science
- Top Institute Food and Nutrition [GH001]
- European Research Council (ERC) advanced grant (FP/ERC grant) [2012-322698]
- Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) Spinoza prize [NWO SPI 92-266]
- Stiftelsen Kristian Gerhard Jebsen foundation (Norway)
- Rosalind Franklin Fellowship (University of Groningen)
- ERC starting grant [715772]
- NWO Vidi grant [178.056, NWO-VIDI 864.13.013]
- CardioVasculair Onderzoek Nederland (CVON)
- European Research Council (ERC) [715772] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
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Human gut microbiome composition is shaped by multiple factors but the relative contribution of host genetics remains elusive. Here we examine genotype and microbiome data from 1,046 healthy individuals with several distinct ancestral origins who share a relatively common environment, and demonstrate that the gut microbiome is not significantly associated with genetic ancestry, and that host genetics have a minor role in determining microbiome composition. We show that, by contrast, there are significant similarities in the compositions of the microbiomes of genetically unrelated individuals who share a household, and that over 20% of the inter-person microbiome variability is associated with factors related to diet, drugs and anthropometric measurements. We further demonstrate that microbiome data significantly improve the prediction accuracy for many human traits, such as glucose and obesity measures, compared to models that use only host genetic and environmental data. These results suggest that microbiome alterations aimed at improving clinical outcomes may be carried out across diverse genetic backgrounds.
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