Journal
NATURE
Volume 480, Issue 7376, Pages 250-U133Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nature10665
Keywords
-
Categories
Funding
- European Research Council
- Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats
- Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion Plan Nacional [BFU2008-00365]
- Agencia de Gestio d'juts Universitaris i de Recerca
- ERASysBio+
- European Molecular Biology Organization
- EMBL-CRG Systems Biology Program
- Formacion de Personal Investigador-Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion fellowship
- Beatriu de Pinos Fellowship
- National Institutes of Health National Center for Research Resources
- ICREA Funding Source: Custom
Ask authors/readers for more resources
Many mutations, including those that cause disease, only have a detrimental effect in a subset of individuals. The reasons for this are usually unknown, but may include additional genetic variation and environmental risk factors(1). However, phenotypic discordance remains even in the absence of genetic variation, for example between monozygotic twins(2), and incomplete penetrance of mutations is frequent in isogenic model organisms in homogeneous environments(3,4). Here we propose a model for incomplete penetrance based on genetic interaction networks(5,6). Using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system, we identify two compensation mechanisms that vary among individuals and influence mutation outcome. First, feedback induction of an ancestral gene duplicate differs across individuals, with high expression masking the effects of a mutation. This supports the hypothesis that redundancy is maintained in genomes to buffer stochastic developmental failure(7). Second, during normal embryonic development we find that there is substantial variation in the induction of molecular chaperones such as Hsp90 (DAF-21). Chaperones act as promiscuous buffers of genetic variation(8,9), and embryos with stronger induction of Hsp90 are less likely to be affected by an inherited mutation. Simultaneously quantifying the variation in these two independent responses allows the phenotypic outcome of a mutation to be more accurately predicted in individuals. Our model and methodology provide a framework for dissecting the causes of incomplete penetrance. Further, the results establish that inter-individual variation in both specific and more general buffering systems combine to determine the outcome inherited mutations in each individual.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available