Journal
NATURE
Volume 452, Issue 7190, Pages 991-U7Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nature06856
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Funding
- NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM083873-05, R01 GM083873] Funding Source: Medline
- NLM NIH HHS [R01 LM006845, R01 LM006845-08] Funding Source: Medline
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Papaya, a fruit crop cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions, is known for its nutritional benefits and medicinal applications. Here we report a 33 draft genome sequence of 'SunUp' papaya, the first commercial virus- resistant transgenic fruit tree(1) to be sequenced. The papaya genome is three times the size of the Arabidopsis genome, but contains fewer genes, including significantly fewer disease- resistance gene analogues. Comparison of the five sequenced genomes suggests a minimal angiosperm gene set of 13,311. A lack of recent genome duplication, atypical of other angiosperm genomes sequenced so far(2-5), may account for the smaller papaya gene number in most functional groups. Nonetheless, striking amplifications in gene number within particular functional groups suggest roles in the evolution of tree- like habit, deposition and remobilization of starch reserves, attraction of seed dispersal agents, and adaptation to tropical daylengths. Transgenesis at three locations is closely associated with chloroplast insertions into the nuclear genome, and with topoisomerase I recognition sites. Papaya offers numerous advantages as a system for fruit- tree functional genomics, and this draft genome sequence provides the foundation for revealing the basis of Carica's distinguishing morpho- physiological, medicinal and nutritional properties.
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