Journal
NATURAL PRODUCT REPORTS
Volume 30, Issue 1, Pages 175-200Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c2np20069d
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Funding
- NIH [GM20011, GM49338]
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [R01GM049338, F32GM020011, R01GM020011, R37GM020011] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Riboflavin-based coenzymes, tightly bound to enzymes catalyzing substrate oxidations and reductions, enable an enormous range of chemical transformations in biosynthetic pathways. Flavoenzymes catalyze substrate oxidations involving amine and alcohol oxidations and desaturations to olefins, the latter setting up Diels-Alder cyclizations in lovastatin and solanapyrone biosyntheses. Both C-4a and N-5 of the flavin coenzymes are sites for covalent adduct formation. For example, the reactivity of dihydroflavins with molecular oxygen leads to flavin-4a-OOH adducts which then carry out a diverse range of oxygen transfers, including Baeyer-Villiger type ring expansions, olefin epoxidations, halogenations via transient HOCl generation, and an oxidative Favorskii rerrangement during enterocin assembly.
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