Journal
NANOTOXICOLOGY
Volume 7, Issue 5, Pages 1014-1027Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2012.691998
Keywords
Engineered nanoparticles; photocopiers; printers; inflammation; oxidative stress; biomarkers
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Funding
- UMass Lowell's Vice Provost of research office
- National Science Foundation as a Nanoscale Science and Engineering Centres Program [NSF-0425826]
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Photocopiers emit large quantities of nanoparticles (NPs); however, their toxicological properties have not been studied. Here we investigate for the first time early human responses following a day's exposure to NPs from photocopiers. Nine healthy subjects spent 6 h at a busy photocopy centre on 2-3 randomly selected days. Matched nasal lavage and urine samples were collected before and at different time points post-exposure. Nasal lavage samples were analysed for 14 cytokines, inflammatory cells and total protein. Urine samples were analysed for 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG). Exposure assessment was conducted using a suite of instruments. The mean total particle number on exposure days was >5 times higher than background, with size distributions in nanoscale range (peak 30-40 nm). Following exposure, 8-OH-dG and several pro-inflammatory cytokines were elevated 2-10 folds compared with pre-exposure levels and remained elevated for up to 36 h. We conclude that NPs from photocopiers induce upper airway inflammation and oxidative stress.
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