Journal
NANOTECHNOLOGY
Volume 25, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/25/3/035603
Keywords
CdS nanoparticles; titanate nanotubes; confinement effect; hydrogen production; quantum size effect
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51172233]
- Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, China [GD2012A05]
- Science & Technology Plan Project of Guangzhou City, China [2013J4300035]
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CdS nanoparticles were confined within titanate nanotubes (TNTs) by an ion-exchange reaction and a subsequent sulfurization process. Prior to the ion-exchange reaction, the exterior surfaces of the TNTs were modified by a silane coupling agent to make CdS nanoparticles selectively deposit on the inner wall. The composites were characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, powder x-ray diffraction, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, N-2 adsorption-desorption and UV-vis absorption spectra. The results confirm that CdS in the range of 2-3 nm in diameter are confined within the inner cavity of the TNTs. CdS confined within TNTs shows a significant blue-shift of the absorption band edge compared with CdS nanoparticles deposited on the exterior surface of TNTs. Also the TNTs-confined CdS composite exhibits enhanced photocatalytic activity and photostability for hydrogen evolution under visible light illumination due to the quantum size effect of CdS as a result of the spatial confinement effect of the TNTs.
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