The Effect of Iron Oxide Magnetic Nanoparticles on Smooth Muscle Cells

Recently, magnetic nanoparticles of iron oxide (Fe(3)O(4), gamma-Fe(2)O(3)) have shown an increasing number of applications in the field of biomedicine, but some questions have been raised about the potential impact of these nanoparticles on the environment and human health. In this work, the three types of magnetic nanoparticles (DMSA-Fe(2)O(3), APTS-Fe(2)O(3), and GLU-Fe(2)O(3)) with the same crystal structure, magnetic properties, and size distribution was designed, prepared, and characterized by transmission electronic microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, zeta potential analyzer, vibrating sample magnetometer, and Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy. Then, we have investigated the effect of the three types of magnetic nanoparticles (DMSA-Fe(2)O(3), APTS-Fe(2)O(3), and GLU-Fe(2)O(3)) on smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Cellular uptake of nanoparticles by SMC displays the dose, the incubation time and surface property dependent patterns. Through the thin section TEM images, we observe that DMSA-Fe(2)O(3) is incorporated into the lysosome of SMCs. The magnetic nanoparticles have no inflammation impact, but decrease the viability of SMCs. The other questions about metabolism and other impacts will be the next subject of further studies.