Journal
NANOSCALE
Volume 6, Issue 1, Pages 24-42Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c3nr03998f
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Funding
- National Science Foundation [DMR 1206656]
- PA DCED
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The photocatalytic activity of materials for water splitting is limited by the recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs as well as the back-reaction of intermediate species. This review concentrates on the use of electric fields within catalyst particles to mitigate the effects of recombination and back-reaction and to increase photochemical reactivity. Internal electric fields in photocatalysts can arise from ferroelectric phenomena, p-n junctions, polar surface terminations, and polymorph junctions. The manipulation of internal fields through the creation of charged interfaces in hierarchically structured materials is a promising strategy for the design of improved photocatalysts.
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