Journal
NANOSCALE
Volume 4, Issue 8, Pages 2760-2765Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c2nr30089c
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51102105, 11104088]
- Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province [2011CDB154]
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Electrodes with three-dimensional (3D) nanostructure are expected to improve the energy and power densities per footprint area of lithium ion microbatteries. Herein, we report a large-scale synthesis of a SnO2/alpha-Fe2O3 composite nanotube array on a stainless steel substrate via a ZnO nanowire array as an in situ sacrificial template without using any strong acid or alkali. Importantly, both SnO2 and alpha-Fe2O3 contribute to the lithium storage, and the hybridization of SnO2 and alpha-Fe2O3 into an integrated nanotube structure provides them with an elegant synergistic effect when participating in electrochemical reactions. Large areal capacities and good rate capability are demonstrated for such a composite nanotube array. Particularly noteworthy is that the areal capacities (e. g. 1.289 mAh cm(-2) at a current rate of 0.1 mA cm(-2)) are much larger than those of many previous thin-film/3D microbattery electrodes. Our work suggests the possibility of further improving the areal capacity/energy density of 3D microelectrodes by designing ordered hybrid nanostructure arrays.
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