Journal
NANOSCALE
Volume 2, Issue 4, Pages 468-483Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/b9nr00275h
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Funding
- National Institute of Health [R01-HG003713, R01-HG005115, PHS 5 P41-RR05969]
- National Science Foundation [PHY0822613]
- Petroleum Research Fund [48352-G6]
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications via Large Resources Allocation [MCA05S028]
- NATIONAL CENTER FOR RESEARCH RESOURCES [P41RR005969] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL HUMAN GENOME RESEARCH INSTITUTE [R01HG003713, R01HG005115] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Within just a decade from the pioneering work demonstrating the utility of nanopores for molecular sensing, nanopores have emerged as versatile systems for single-molecule manipulation and analysis. In a typical setup, a gradient of the electrostatic potential captures charged solutes from the solution and forces them to move through a single nanopore, across an otherwise impermeable membrane. The ionic current blockades resulting from the presence of a solute in a nanopore can reveal the type of the solute, for example, the nucleotide makeup of a DNA strand. Despite great success, the microscopic mechanisms underlying the functionality of such stochastic sensors remain largely unknown, as it is not currently possible to characterize the microscopic conformations of single biomolecules directly in a nanopore and thereby unequivocally establish the causal relationship between the observables and the microscopic events. Such a relationship can be determined using molecular dynamics- a computational method that can accurately predict the time evolution of a molecular system starting from a given microscopic state. This article describes recent applications of this method to the process of DNA transport through biological and synthetic nanopores.
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