Journal
NANOMEDICINE
Volume 9, Issue 10, Pages 1565-1580Publisher
FUTURE MEDICINE LTD
DOI: 10.2217/NNM.14.68
Keywords
biomedicine; graphene; graphene oxide; in vivo; toxicity
Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology of China (973 program) [2014CB965003, 2010CB933504]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51361130033]
- Jiangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Funds
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Graphene, a novel 2D carbon nanomaterial with unique properties, has attracted massive attention. Evaluating its toxicity is of great significance due to its potential applications in many fields, especially in biomedicine. In this review, the toxicity of graphene-based nanomaterials (GNMs) and related mechanisms at the molecular and cellular level, various approaches to evaluation of the in vivo toxicity of GNMs and major factors defining their toxicity will be discussed and summarized. This review will allow better understanding of the in vitro and in vivo toxicity of GNMs, which, we believe, may facilitate design and fabrication of novel, biocompatible and efficient GNM-based systems for biomedical applications.
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