Journal
NANOMEDICINE
Volume 7, Issue 1, Pages 39-53Publisher
FUTURE MEDICINE LTD
DOI: 10.2217/NNM.11.85
Keywords
cell uptake; electron microscopy; human brain-derived endothelial cells; iron oxide nanoparticles; magnetic enhancement; oxidative stress; transcellular transport
Funding
- Swiss National Scientific Research Foundation [3152A0-105705]
- European Community [2007-201335]
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Aim: Ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (USPIO-NPs) are under development for imaging and drug delivery; however, their interaction with human blood brain barrier models is not known. Materials & Methods: The uptake, reactive oxygen species production and transport of USPIO-NPs across human brain-derived endothelial cells as models of the blood brain tumor barrier were evaluated for either uncoated, oleic acid-coated or polyvinylamine-coated USPIO-NPs. Results: Reactive oxygen species production was observed for oleic acid-coated and polyvinylamine-coated USPIO-NPs. The uptake and intracellular localization of the iron oxide core of the USPIO-NPs was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. However, while the uptake of these USPIO-NPs by cells was observed, they were neither released by nor transported across these cells even in the presence of an external dynamic magnetic field. Conclusion: USPIO-NP-loaded filopodia were observed to invade the polyester membrane, suggesting that they can be transported by migrating angiogenic brain-derived endothelial cells.
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