Journal
NANOMEDICINE
Volume 7, Issue 5, Pages 651-662Publisher
FUTURE MEDICINE LTD
DOI: 10.2217/NNM.11.151
Keywords
antibody; gold nanoparticle; mice immunization; OVA(323-339) peptide; Streptococcus pneumoniae; synthetic carbohydrate vaccine
Funding
- European Union [MRTN-CT-2004-005645]
- Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, MICINN [CTQ2008-04638]
- Department of Industry of the Basque Country [ETORTEK2009]
- University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Aims: Coupling of capsular polysaccharides of pathogens to immunogenic protein carriers (conjugate vaccines) improves carbohydrate immune response. Our idea is to explore gold nanoclusters as carriers to prepare fully synthetic carbohydrate vaccines. Materials & methods: Gold glyconanoparticles bearing a synthetic tetrasaccharide epitope related to the Streptococcus pneumoniae type 14 capsular polysaccharide (Pn14PS), the T-helper ovalbumin 323-339 peptide (OVA(323-339)), and D-glucose were prepared by a one-pot method. Their immunogenicity was tested in mice. Cytokine levels after spleen cell stimulation with OVA(323-339) were analyzed using a luminex-multiplex cytokine assay. The capacity of the evoked antibodies to promote the uptake of S. pneumoniae type 14 by leukocytes was assessed. Results & discussion: Glyconanoparticles containing 45% of tetrasaccharide and 5% OVA(323-339) triggered specific anti-Pn14PS IgG antibodies. Cytokine levels confirmed that glyconanoparticles led to T-helper cell activation. The antisaccharide antibodies promoted the phagocytosis of type 14 bacteria by human leukocytes, indicating the functionality of the antibodies. Conclusion: Gold nanoparticles have great potential as carriers for the development of a great diversity of fully synthetic carbohydrate-based vaccines.
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