Journal
NANO LETTERS
Volume 12, Issue 3, Pages 1655-1659Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nl300044a
Keywords
LSPR sensing; refractive index sensing; plasmonics; spectroscopic ellipsometty; phase difference; retardation
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Funding
- IWT Flanders
- FWO Flanders
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Localized surface plasmon resonances possess very interesting properties for a wide variety of sensing applications. In many of the existing applications, only the intensity of the reflected or transmitted signals is taken into account, while the phase information is ignored. At the center frequency of a (localized) surface plasmon resonance, the electron cloud makes the transition between in- and out-of-phase oscillation with respect to the incident wave. Here we show that this information can experimentally be extracted by performing phase-sensitive measurements, which result in linewidths that are almost 1 order of magnitude smaller than those for intensity based measurements. As this phase change is an intrinsic property of a plasmon resonance, this opens up many possibilities for boosting the figure-of-merit (FOM) of refractive index sensing by taking into account the phase of the plasmon resonance. We experimentally investigated this for two model systems: randomly distributed gold nanoclisks and gold nanorings on top of a continuous gold layer and a dielectric spacer and observed FOM values up to 8.3 and 16.5 for the respective nanoparticles.
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