Journal
NANO LETTERS
Volume 12, Issue 9, Pages 4895-4900Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nl3024438
Keywords
Protein sensor; single-molecule; translocation; nuclear pore complex; nanopore; SheA HlyE
Categories
Funding
- European Research Council (European Commission) [260884]
- National Institutes of Health
- Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (IWT) Flanders
- Oxford Nanopore Technologies
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Nanopores have been used in label-free single-molecule studies, including investigations of chemical reactions, nucleic acid analysis, and applications in sensing. Biological nanopores generally perform better than artificial nanopores as sensors, but they have disadvantages including a fixed diameter. Here we introduce a biological nanopore ClyA that is wide enough to sample and distinguish large analyte proteins, which enter the pore lumen. Remarkably, human and bovine thrombins, despite 86% sequence identity, elicit characteristic ionic current blockades, which at -50 mV differ in their main current levels by 26 +/- 1 pA. The use of DNA aptamers or hirudin as ligands further distinguished the protein analytes. Finally, we constructed ClyA nanopores decorated with covalently attached aptamers. These nanopores selectively captured and internalized cognate protein analytes but excluded noncognate analytes, in a process that resembles transport by nuclear pores.
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