Journal
NANO LETTERS
Volume 12, Issue 7, Pages 3391-3398Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nl3015632
Keywords
Au nanoparticles; gold nanocomposites; layer-by-layer assembly; neural stimulation; implantable devices; inflammation; microfabrication
Categories
Funding
- NSF [ECS-0601345, MR-9871177]
- EFRI-BSBA [0938019]
- CBET [0933384, 0932823, 1036672]
- AFOSR MURI [444286-P061716]
- NIH [1R21CA121841-01A2]
- Center for Solar and Thermal Energy Conversion, an Energy Frontier Research Center
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0000957]
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Treatments of neurological diseases, diagnostics of brain malfunctions, and the realization of brain computer interfaces require ultrasmall electrodes that are invisible to resident immune cells. Functional electrodes smaller than 50 mu m are impossible to produce with traditional materials due to high interfacial impedance at the characteristic frequency of neural activity and insufficient charge storage capacity. The problem can be resolved by using gold nanoparticle nanocomposites. Careful comparison indicates that layer-by-layer assembled films from Au NPs provide more than 3-fold improvement in interfacial impedance and 1 order of magnitude increase in charge storage capacity. Prototypes of microelectrodes could be made using traditional photolithography. Integration of unique nanocomposite materials with microfabrication techniques opens the door for practical realization of the ultrasmall implantable electrodes. Further improvement of electrical properties is expected when using special shapes of gold nanoparticles.
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