Journal
NANO LETTERS
Volume 10, Issue 4, Pages 1177-1183Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nl9034708
Keywords
Ferroelectric nanowires; phase transition; depolarizing field; X-ray and Raman analysis; effective Hamiltonian
Categories
Funding
- NSF [DMR 0701558, DMR-0404335, DMR-0080054]
- ONR [N00014-04-1-0413, N00014-08-1-0915, N00014-07-1-0825]
- DOE [DE-SC0002220]
- MRI NSF [0722625]
- U.S. Department of Defense
- COST 539 action
- Ecole Centrale Paris
- EPSCoR
- Office Of The Director [0918970] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Ferroelectric nanostructures have recently attracted much attention due to the quest of miniaturizing devices and discovering novel phenomena. In particular, studies conducted on two-dimensional and zero-dimensional ferroelectrics have revealed original properties and their dependences on mechanical and electrical boundary conditions. Meanwhile, researches aimed at discovering and understanding properties of one-dimensional ferroelectric nanostruccures are scarce. The determination of the structural phase and of the direction of the polarization in one-dimensional ferroelectrics is of technological importance, since, e.g., a low-symmetry phase in which the polarization lies away from a highly symmetric direction typically generates phenomenal dielectric and electromechanical responses. Here, we investigate the phase transition sequence of nanowires made of KNbO3 and BaTiO3 perovskites, by combining X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and first-principles-based calculations. We provide evidence of a previously unreported ferroelectric ground state of monoclinic symmetry and the tuning of the polarization's direction by varying factors inherent to the nanoscale.
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