Journal
MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS
Volume 757, Issue 2, Pages 140-147Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2013.08.003
Keywords
DNA repair; Methoxyamine; Doxorubicin; Base excision repair; Micronuclei; APE1
Funding
- Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Lisbon, Portugal [Pest-OE/SAU/UI4013/2011, SFRH/BD/70293/2010]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/70293/2010] Funding Source: FCT
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Pharmacological inhibition of DNA repair is a promising approach to increase the effectiveness of anticancer drugs. The chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (Dox) may act, in part, by causing oxidative DNA damage. The base excision repair (BER) pathway effects the repair of many DNA lesions induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Methoxyamine (MX) is an indirect inhibitor of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APEI), a multifunctional BER protein. We have evaluated the effects of MX on the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of Dox in MDA-MB-231 metastatic breast cancer cells. MX has little effects on the viability and proliferation of Dox-treated cells. However, as assessed by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay (CBMN), MX caused a significant 1.4-fold increase (P<0.05) in the frequency of micronucleated binucleated cells induced by Dox, and also altered the distribution of the numbers of micronuclei. The fluorescence probe dihydroethidium (DHE) indicated little production of ROS by Dox. Overall, our results suggest differential outcomes for the inhibition of APE1 activity in breast cancer cells exposed to Dox, with a sensitizing effect observed for genotoxicity but not for cytotoxicity. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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