Journal
MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS
Volume 770, Issue -, Pages 19-28Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2014.08.009
Keywords
Breast cancer; TLR; TNF; TRAIL; TRAF2; Survival; Cigarettes; Oxidative stress
Funding
- National Cancer Institute [CA14002, CA63446, CA77305, CA078682, CA078762, CA078552, CA078802, N01-PC-67000]
- U.S. Department of Defense [DAMD17-96-1-6071]
- California Breast Cancer Research Program [7PB-0068]
- California Department of Public Health [103885]
- National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program [HHSN261201000036C]
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Program of Cancer Registries [1U58 DP000807-01]
- National Cancer Institute
- Utah Cancer Registry
- State of Utah Department of Health
- New Mexico Tumor Registry
- Arizona and Colorado cancer registries
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Program of Cancer Registries
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT) [SALUD-2002-C01-7462]
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Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) and toll-like receptors (TLR) are important mediators of inflammation. We examined 10 of these genes with respect to breast cancer risk and mortality in a genetically admixed population of Hispanic/Native American (NA) (2111 cases, 2597 controls) and non-Hispanic white (NHW) (1481 cases, 1585 controls) women. Additionally, we explored if diet and lifestyle factors modified associations with these genes. Overall, these genes (collectively) were associated with breast cancer risk among women with >70% NA ancestry (P-ARTP = 0.0008), with TLR1 rs7696175 being the primary risk contributor (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.25, 2.51). Overall, TLR1 rs7696175 (HR 1.40, 95% CI 1.03, 1.91; P-adj=0.032), TLR4 rs5030728 (HR 1.96, 95% CI 1.30, 2.95; P-adj=0.014), and TNFRSF1A rs4149578 (HR 2.71, 95% CI 1.28, 5.76; P-adj=0.029) were associated with increased breast cancer mortality. We observed several statistically significant interactions after adjustment for multiple comparisons, including interactions between our dietary oxidative balance score and CD40LG and TNFSF1A; between cigarette smoking and TLR1, TLR4, and TNF; between body mass index (BMI) among pre-menopausal women and TRAF2; and between regular use of aspirin/non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and TLR3 and TRA2. In conclusion, our findings support a contributing role of certain TNF-a and TLR genes in both breast cancer risk and survival, particularly among women with higher NA ancestry. Diet and lifestyle factors appear to be important mediators of the breast cancer risk associated with these genes. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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