Journal
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
Volume 20, Issue 6, Pages 747-750Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.1177/1352458513507820
Keywords
Epstein-Barr virus; case control study; interaction; risk factors in epidemiology; smoking; Multiple sclerosis
Categories
Funding
- Biogen Idec
- Merck-Serono
- Sanofi-Aventis
- Swedish Association of Neurologically Disabled
- Umea University
- Vasterbotten County Council
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The multiple sclerosis (MS) risk factors smoking and remote Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection have been suggested to interact statistically, but the results are conflicting. In a prospective study on 192 MS cases and 384 matched controls, we analysed levels of cotinine as a marker of smoke exposure, and Epstein-Barr Nuclear Antigen-1 antibody reactivity. We assessed interaction on the additive and multiplicative scales, and estimated the effects of the risk factors across strata of each other. The results suggest that a negative interaction may be present in samples drawn at a young age, and a positive interaction among older subjects.
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