Journal
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
Volume 16, Issue 10, Pages 1156-1172Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.1177/1352458510382324
Keywords
apoptosis; Devic's disease; glial progenitors; myelin
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Funding
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Australia
- Neil and Norma Hill Research Fellowship
- Nerve Research Foundation, University of Sydney
- NSW Ministry For Science And Medical Research
- Ramaciotti foundation
- Biogen Idec post-graduate scholarship
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Objective: To determine whether there is an astrocyte lesion in NMO and if this differs from astrocyte changes in multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: Astrocyte pathology in early (still-myelinated) lesions and subacute NMO and MS lesions was examined immunohistochemically and in sections stained for astrocytes using routine histological techniques. Results: Demyelination in early NMO lesions is accompanied by oligodendrocyte apoptosis in a pattern identical to that seen in MS and this is preceded by an abrupt destruction of perivascular astrocytes. Reparative astrogliosis is effected by a population of unipolar, new astrocytes. Evidence of a different type of astrocyte lesion was found in MS. Discussion: The findings add to experimental evidence that the antibody is pathogenic. They also raise the possibility that demyelination in MS may be a bystander effect of an astrocyte lesion, i.e. that MS is not a disease primarily of myelin and oligodendrocytes.
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