Journal
MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 3, Issue 2, Pages 172-181Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/mi.2009.129
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Funding
- NIH
- NIAID
- Critical Care Medicine Department
- National Cancer Institute
- National Institutes of Health [HHSN261200800001E]
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES [ZIAAI001121, ZIAAI000903] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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The gut mucosa is an important site of HIV immunopathogenesis with severe depletion of CD4+ T cells occurring during acute infection. The effect of prolonged anti-retroviral therapy (ART) on cycling and restoration of T lymphocytes in the gut remains unclear. Colon and terminal ileal biopsies and peripheral blood samples were collected from viremic, untreated, HIV-infected participants, patients treated with prolonged ART (>5 years), and uninfected controls and analyzed by flow cytometry. In the gut, the proportion of cycling T cells decreased and the number of CD4+ T cells normalized in treated patients in parallel with beta 7 expression on CD4+ T cells in blood. Cycling of gut T cells in viremic patients was associated with increased plasma LPS levels, but not colonic HIV-RNA. These data suggest that gut T-cell activation and microbial translocation may be interconnected whereas prolonged ART may decrease activation and restore gut CD4+ T cells.
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