Journal
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
Volume 480, Issue 3, Pages 3978-3992Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/sty2110
Keywords
galaxies: formation; galaxies: haloes; galaxies: statistics; large-scale structure of Universe; cosmology: theory
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Funding
- Southern Astrophysics Network Proyecto Redes [150078]
- NSF [AST-1612085]
- STFC/Newton-CONICYT Fund award [ST/M007995/1DPI20140114]
- Anillo [ACT-1417]
- European Research Council [ERC-StG/716151]
- Royal Society through the award University Research Fellowship
- Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/P000541/1]
- STFC [ST/P000541/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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We investigate the variations in galaxy occupancy of the dark matter haloes with the large-scale environment and halo formation time, using two state-of-the-art hydrodynamical cosmological simulations, EAGLE and Illustris. For both simulations, we use three galaxy samples with a fixed number density ranked by stellar mass. For these samples, we find that low-mass haloes in the most dense environments are more likely to host a central galaxy than those in the least dense environments. When splitting the halo population by formation time, these relations are stronger. Hence, at a fixed low halo mass, early-formed haloes are more likely to host a central galaxy than late-formed haloes since they have had more time to assemble. The satellite occupation shows a reverse trend where early-formed haloes host fewer satellites due to having more time to merge with the central galaxy. We also analyse the stellar mass-halo mass relation for central galaxies in terms of the large-scale environment and formation time of the haloes. We find that low-mass haloes in the most dense environment host relatively more massive central galaxies. This trend is also found when splitting the halo population by age, with early-formed haloes hosting more massive galaxies. Our results are in agreement with previous findings from semi-analytical models, providing robust predictions for the occupancy variation signature in the halo occupation distribution of galaxy formation models.
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