4.7 Article

TriAnd and its siblings: satellites of satellites in the Milky Way halo

Journal

MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
Volume 444, Issue 4, Pages 3975-3985

Publisher

OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stu1764

Keywords

Galaxy: formation; Galaxy: halo; galaxies: dwarf

Funding

  1. NASA [HST-HF-51302.01, NAS5-26555]
  2. Space Telescope Science Institute
  3. NSF [1066293]
  4. European Research Council under the European Union / ERC [308024]
  5. NASA through Hubble Fellowship [51273.01]
  6. National Science Foundation [AST-1010039, AST-1312863]
  7. STFC [ST/L001381/1] Funding Source: UKRI
  8. Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1412648] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
  9. Division Of Astronomical Sciences [1412648] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
  10. Division Of Astronomical Sciences
  11. Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1009882, 1010039, 1312863, 1413269] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
  12. Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/L001381/1, ST/H00243X/1] Funding Source: researchfish

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We explore the Triangulum-Andromeda (TriAnd) overdensity in the SPLASH (Spectroscopic and Photometric Landscape of Andromeda's Stellar Halo) and SEGUE(the Sloan Extension for Galactic Understanding and Exploration) spectroscopic surveys. Milky Way main-sequence turn-off stars in the SPLASH survey reveal that the TriAnd overdensity and the recently discovered Pan-Andromeda Archaeological Survey (PAndAS) stream share a common heliocentric distance (D similar to 20 kpc), position on the sky, and line-of-sight velocity (V-GSR similar to 50 km s(-1)). Similarly, A-type, giant, and main-sequence turn-off stars selected from the SEGUE survey in the vicinity of the Segue 2 satellite show that TriAnd is prevalent in these fields, with a velocity and distance similar to Segue 2. The coincidence of the PAndAS stream and Segue 2 satellite in positional and velocity space to TriAnd suggests that these substructures are all associated, and may be a fossil record of group-infall on to the MilkyWay halo. In this scenario, the Segue 2 satellite and PAndAS stream are 'satellites of satellites', and the large, metal-rich TriAnd overdensity is the remains of the group central.

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