Journal
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
Volume 427, Issue 4, Pages 3435-3467Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.22066.x
Keywords
cosmological parameters; cosmology: observations; dark energy; distance scale; large-scale structure of Universe
Categories
Funding
- UK Science and Technology Facilities Research Council
- Leverhulme Trust
- European Research Council
- UK Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/I001204/1]
- Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) [AYA2010-21766-C03-02]
- NSF [AST-0707725, AST-0707266, AST-0901965]
- NASA [NNX07AH11G, NNX11AF43G]
- US Department of Energy Office of High Energy Physics [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- Spanish MICINNs Consolider grant MultiDark [CSD2009-00064]
- John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation
- Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
- University of Arizona
- Brazilian Participation Group
- Brookhaven National Laboratory
- University of Cambridge
- Carnegie Mellon University
- University of Florida
- French Participation Group
- German Participation Group
- Harvard University
- Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias
- Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group
- Johns Hopkins University
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics
- New Mexico State University
- New York University
- Ohio State University
- Pennsylvania State University
- University of Portsmouth
- Princeton University
- Spanish Participation Group
- University of Tokyo
- University of Utah
- Vanderbilt University
- University of Virginia
- University of Washington
- Yale University
- National Science Foundation
- US Department of Energy Office of Science
- NASA Office of Space Science
- ICREA Funding Source: Custom
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Astronomical Sciences [0901965] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- NASA [NNX11AF43G, 147897] Funding Source: Federal RePORTER
- Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/I001204/1, ST/K00333X/1, ST/H002774/1, ST/H008586/1, ST/J500665/1, ST/J005673/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- STFC [ST/H002774/1, ST/J005673/1, ST/J500665/1, ST/K00333X/1, ST/I001204/1, ST/H008586/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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We present measurements of galaxy clustering from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS), which is part of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III (SDSS-III). These use the Data Release 9 (DR9) CMASS sample, which contains 264 283 massive galaxies covering 3275 square degrees with an effective redshift z = 0.57 and redshift range 0.43 < z < 0.7. Assuming a concordance Lambda CDM cosmological model, this sample covers an effective volume of 2.2 Gpc(3), and represents the largest sample of the Universe ever surveyed at this density, (n) over bar approximate to 3 x 10(-4) h(-3) Mpc(3). We measure the angle-averaged galaxy correlation function and power spectrum, including density-field reconstruction of the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) feature. The acoustic features are detected at a significance of 5 sigma in both the correlation function and power spectrum. Combining with the SDSS-II luminous red galaxy sample, the detection significance increases to 6.7 sigma. Fitting for the position of the acoustic features measures the distance to z = 0.57 relative to the sound horizon D-V/r(s) = 13.67 +/ 0.22 at z = 0.57. Assuming a fiducial sound horizon of 153.19 Mpc, which matches cosmic microwave background constraints, this corresponds to a distance D-V (z = 0.57) = 2094 +/- 34 Mpc. At 1.7 per cent, this is the most precise distance constraint ever obtained from a galaxy survey. We place this result alongside previous BAO measurements in a cosmological distance ladder and find excellent agreement with the current supernova measurements. We use these distance measurements to constrain various cosmological models, finding continuing support for a flat Universe with a cosmological constant.
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