Journal
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
Volume 415, Issue 1, Pages 854-866Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18765.x
Keywords
techniques: high angular resolution; binaries: general; stars: early-type; stars: imaging; X-rays: stars
Categories
Funding
- Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) [ST/F 007124/1, ST/F003277/1]
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) for the AEOS
- EC Research Training Network
- US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [W-7405-Eng-48, DE-AC52-07NA27344]
- National Science Foundation (NSF) [AST 98-76783]
- JRG
- University of California [09-LR-118057-GRAJ]
- NSF [AST-0909188]
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- STFC [ST/F003277/1, ST/F007124/1, ST/H002707/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/H002707/1, ST/F007124/1, ST/F003277/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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With an adaptive optics imaging survey of 148 B6-A7 stars, we have tested the hypothesis that unresolved lower mass companions are the source of the unexpected X-ray detections of stars in this spectral type range. The sample is composed of 63 stars detected in X-rays within the ROSAT All Sky Survey and 85 stars that form a control sample; both subsets have the same restricted distribution of spectral type, age, X-ray sensitivity and separation coverage. A total of 68 companion candidates are resolved with separations ranging from 0.3 to 26.2 arcsec, with 23 new detections. The multiple star frequency of the X-ray sample based on companions resolved within the ROSAT error ellipse is found to be 43(-6)(+6) per cent. The corresponding control sample multiple star frequency is three times lower at 12(-3)(+4) per cent - a difference of 31 +/- 7 per cent. These results are presented in the first of a series of papers based on our Volume-limited A-Star (VAST) survey - a comprehensive study of the multiplicity of A-type stars.
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