Journal
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
Volume 415, Issue 3, Pages 2379-2387Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18866.x
Keywords
galaxies: active; galaxies: general; galaxies: individual: NGC 4051; galaxies: Seyfert; X-rays: galaxies
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Funding
- USA (NASA)
- ESA
- Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/H001972/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- STFC [ST/H001972/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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An extended XMM-Newton observation of the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 4051 in 2009 revealed a complex absorption spectrum, with a wide range of outflow velocities and ionization states. The main velocity and ionization structure was interpreted in Paper I in terms of a decelerating, recombining flow resulting from the shocking of a still higher velocity wind colliding with the interstellar medium or slower moving ejecta. The high sensitivity of the XMM-Newton observation also revealed a number of broad emission lines, all showing evidence of self-absorption near the line cores. The line profiles are found here to be consistent with emission from a limb-brightened shell of post-shock gas building up ahead of the contact discontinuity. While the broad emission lines remain quasi-constant as the continuum flux changes by an order of magnitude, recombination continua of several H-and He-like ions are found to vary in response to the continuum, providing an important key to scaling the ionized flow.
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