Journal
MOLECULES
Volume 19, Issue 8, Pages 11933-11987Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/molecules190811933
Keywords
aptamer; bioanalysis; DNA detection; DNAzyme; electrochemiluminescence; electrochemistry; functional nanomaterials; ruthenium complexes
Funding
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK20130561, BK20140593]
- 985 Program of Nanjing University
- Thousand Talents Program for Young Researchers
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)
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Ruthenium complexes are among the most interesting coordination complexes and they have attracted great attention over the past decades due to their appealing biological, catalytic, electronic and optical properties. Ruthenium complexes have found a unique niche in bioanalysis, as demonstrated by the substantial progress made in the field. In this review, the applications of ruthenium complexes coordinated with polypyridine ligands (and analogues) in bioanalysis are discussed. Three main detection methods based on electrochemistry, electrochemiluminescence, and photoluminscence are covered. The important targets, including DNA and other biologically important targets, are detected by specific biorecognition with the corresponding oligonucleotides as the biorecognition elements (i.e., DNA is probed by its complementary strand and other targets are detected by functional nucleic acids, respectively). Selected examples are provided and thoroughly discussed to highlight the substantial progress made so far. Finally, a brief summary with perspectives is included.
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