Journal
MOLECULES
Volume 15, Issue 12, Pages 9391-9402Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/molecules15129391
Keywords
Carum carvi; Sitophilus zeamais; Tribolium castaneum; fumigant; contact toxicity; essential oil; (R)-carvone; D-limonene
Funding
- Hi-Tech Research and Development of China [2011AA10A202]
- National New-drug Innovation Project [2009ZX09501-014]
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During our screening program for agrochemicals from Chinese medicinal herbs and wild plants, the essential oil of Carum carvi fruits was found to possess strong contact toxicity against Sitophilus zeamais and Tribolium castaneum adults, with LD50 values of 3.07 and 3.29 mu g/adult, respectively, and also showed strong fumigant toxicity against the two grain storage insects with LC50 values of 3.37 and 2.53 mg/L, respectively. The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation was investigated by GC and GC-MS. The main components of the essential oil were identified to be (R)-carvone (37.98%) and D-limonene (26.55%) followed by alpha-pinene (5.21), cis-carveol (5.01%) and beta-myrcene (4.67%). (R)-Carvone and D-limonene were separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and preparative thin layer chromatography, and further identified by means of physicochemical and spectrometric analysis. (R)-Carvone and D-limonene showed strong contact toxicity against S. zeamais (LD50 = 2.79 and 29.86 mu g/adult) and T. castaneum (LD50 = 2.64 and 20.14 mu g/adult). (R)-Carvone and D-limonene also possessed strong fumigant toxicity against S. zeamais (LC50 = 2.76 and 48.18 mg/L) and T. castaneum adults (LC50 = 1.96 and 19.10 mg/L).
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