Journal
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
Volume 18, Issue 1, Pages 122-132Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/mp.2011.142
Keywords
ABCC9; chronotype; Munich ChronoType Questionnaire; seasonality; sleep duration; SUR
Funding
- FP6 programme EUCLOCK
- Dutch Science Foundation (the NWO)
- Hersenstichting Nederland
- University of Groningen
- Estonian Government
- European Union
- FP7 Project ECOGENE
- FP7 Project ENGAGE
- Ministry of Health
- Department of Educational Assistance of Italy
- University and Research of the Autonomous Province of Bolzano
- South Tyrolean Sparkasse Foundation
- Dutch Scientific Organization (ZON-MW)
- mental health care organizations
- Genetic Association Information Network (GAIN) of the Foundation for the US National Institutes of Health
- EUROSPAN through the European Commission FP6 STRP grant
- Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Government
- Royal Society
- UK Medical Research Council
- Republic of Croatia Ministry of Science, Education and Sports
- Erasmus MC
- Centre for Medical Systems Biology (CMSB1)
- Centre for Medical Systems Biology (CMSB2)
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)
- German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) in the context of the German National Genome Research Network (NGFN-2)
- German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) in the context of the German National Genome Research Network (NGFN-plus)
- Helmholtz Center Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health - the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research
- State of Bavaria
- Munich Center of Health Sciences (MC Health) as part of LMUinnovativ (H-EW)
- ALBAN (RA)
- BBSRC [BB/J005169/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- MRC [MC_PC_U127561128] Funding Source: UKRI
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/C006941/1, BB/J005169/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Chief Scientist Office [CZB/4/710] Funding Source: researchfish
- Medical Research Council [MC_PC_U127561128] Funding Source: researchfish
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Humans sleep approximately a third of their lifetime. The observation that individuals with either long or short sleep duration show associations with metabolic syndrome and psychiatric disorders suggests that the length of sleep is adaptive. Although sleep duration can be influenced by photoperiod (season) and phase of entrainment (chronotype), human familial sleep disorders indicate that there is a strong genetic modulation of sleep. Therefore, we conducted high-density genome-wide association studies for sleep duration in seven European populations (N=4251). We identified an intronic variant (rs11046205; P=3.99 x 10(-8)) in the ABCC9 gene that explains approximate to 5% of the variation in sleep duration. An influence of season and chronotype on sleep duration was solely observed in the replication sample (N=5949). Meta-analysis of the associations found in a subgroup of the replication sample, chosen for season of entry and chronotype, together with the discovery results showed genome-wide significance. RNA interference knockdown experiments of the conserved ABCC9 homologue in Drosophila neurons renders flies sleepless during the first 3 h of the night. ABCC9 encodes an ATP-sensitive potassium channel subunit (SUR2), serving as a sensor of intracellular energy metabolism. Molecular Psychiatry (2013) 18, 122-132; doi:10.1038/mp.2011.142; published online 22 November 2011
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