Journal
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
Volume 9, Issue 8, Pages 2248-2255Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/mp3000887
Keywords
polymeric nanoparticles; paclitaxel; cell viability; cell internalization; chemotherapy
Funding
- Covidien
- Welch Foundation through the W. T. Doherty-Welch Chair in Chemistry [A-0001]
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Block copolymer nanoparticles having two different hydrodynamic diameters (120 nm vs 50 nm) and core diameters (60 nm vs 20 nm) with variable paclitaxel loading (5 to 20 wt % with respect to polymer weight, 4.4 mu g/mL to 21.7 mu g/mL paclitaxel concentrations in ultrapure water) were prepared for their in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation. Empty nanoparticles did not show any inherent cytotoxicity even at their highest concentration, whereas paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles resulted in IC50 values that were better than free paclitaxel at 2 h (0.021 mu M vs 0.046 mu M) incubation periods, and approximately equal to free paclitaxel at 72 h (0.004 mu M vs 0.003 mu M) continuous incubation. Confocal fluorescence microscopy images demonstrated that the drug-loaded nanoparticles internalized into KB cells within 2 h and released their payload, resulting in cytotoxicity as evident from the fragmented nuclei present. Functionalization of the nanoparticle surfaces with poly(ethylene oxide) (2 kDa PEO, 5 PEO per block copolymer chain) did not affect the loading of paclitaxel or cell kill ability. No free paclitaxel was found in these nanoparticle formulations indicated by analytical assays.
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