Journal
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
Volume 6, Issue 6, Pages 1934-1940Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/mp900172m
Keywords
Gold; nanoparticle; nucleic acid; oligonucleotide; DNA; siRNA; polyvalent; innate immune; interferon; gene regulation
Funding
- NIH [R01AI-073919]
- Cancer Center for Nanotechnology Excellence (NCI-CCNE) award
- NIH Director's Pioneer Award
- LUNGevity Foundation-American Cancer Society Postdoctoral Fellowship in Lung Cancer
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The immune response of macrophage cells to internalized polyvalent nucleic acid-functionalized gold nanoparticles has been studied. This study finds that the innate immune response (as measured by interferon-beta levels) to densely functionalized, oligonucleotide-modified nanoparticles is significantly less (up to a 25-fold decrease) when compared to a lipoplex carrying the same DNA sequence. The magnitude of this effect is inversely proportional to oligonucleotide density. It is proposed that the enzymes involved in recognizing foreign nucleic acids and triggering the immune response are impeded due to the local surface environment of the particle, in particular high charge density. The net effect is an intracelluar gene regulation agent that elicits a significantly lower cellular immune response than conventional DNA transfection materials.
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