Journal
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 46, Issue 14, Pages 2794-2800Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2009.05.009
Keywords
Complement; Cancer; Cytotoxicity; CD46; CD55; CD59; Mortalin; Heat shock proteins; Bcl-2
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The number of anti-cancer antibodies in therapy and in clinical trials is increasing gradually while their curative efficacy remains rather limited due to the resistance of tumor cells to complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). An updated review of the various defense mechanisms complement is confronting when tackling a tumor cell is presented. The mechanisms discussed are: membrane and secreted complement regulatory proteins, heat shock proteins, extracellular proteases and protein kinases, cell surface sialylation and intracellular survival anti-lytic signals. Projected treatment strategies are depicted for each of the complement resistance mechanisms. It is conceivable that the therapeutic capacity of anti-cancer antibodies will be amplified once combined with a reagent that sensitizes the cancer cells to CDC. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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