Journal
MOLECULAR ECOLOGY
Volume 23, Issue 7, Pages 1730-1748Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/mec.12684
Keywords
q-PCR; 454 sequencing; parasites; major histocompatibility complex; brook charr
Funding
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada
- Canadian Research Chair in Genomics and Conservation of Aquatic Resources
- Collaborative Research and Training Experience (CREATE) programme
- Ministere des Ressources Naturelles et de la Faune du Quebec (MRNF)
- Societe des Etablissement de Plein-Air du Quebec (SEPAQ)
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The capacity of an individual to battle infection is an important fitness determinant in wild vertebrate populations. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes are crucial for a host's adaptive immune system to detect pathogens. However, anthropogenic activities may disrupt natural cycles of co-evolution between hosts and pathogens. In this study, we investigated the dynamic sequence and expression variation of host parasite interactions in brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) in a context of past human disturbance via population supplementation from domestic individuals. To do so, we developed a new method to examine selection shaping MHC diversity within and between populations and found a complex interplay between neutral and selective processes that varied between lakes that were investigated. We provided evidence for a lower introgression rate of domestic alleles and found that parasite infection increased with domestic genomic background of individuals. We also documented an association between individual MHC alleles and parasite taxa. Finally, longer cis-regulatory minisatellites were positively correlated with MHC II down-regulation and domestic admixture, suggesting that inadvertent selection during domestication resulted in a lower immune response capacity, through a trade-off between growth and immunity, which explained the negative selection of domestic alleles at least under certain circumstances.
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