Journal
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
Volume 40, Issue 11, Pages 6123-6142Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11033-013-2724-y
Keywords
Tight junctions; Paracellular permeability; Occludin; Claudins; Signal pathway; Mechanism
Categories
Funding
- Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China [Y2080362, Y2100296]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81100393, 41276151]
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Epithelial permeability is composed of transcellular permeability and paracellular permeability. Paracellular permeability is controlled by tight junctions (TJs). Claudins and occludin are two major transmembrane proteins in TJs, which directly determine the paracellular permeability to different ions or large molecules. Intracellular signaling pathways including Rho/Rho-associated protein kinase, protein kinase Cs, and mitogen-activated protein kinase, modulate the TJ proteins to affect paracellular permeability in response for diverse stimuli. Cytokines, growth factors and hormones in organism can regulate the paracellular permeability via signaling pathway. The transcellular transporters such as Na-K-ATPase, Na+-coupled transporters and chloride channels, can interact with paracellular transport and regulate the TJs. In this review, we summarized the factors affecting paracellular permeability and new progressions of the related mechanism in recent studies, and pointed out further research areas.
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