Journal
AQUACULTURE NUTRITION
Volume 22, Issue 3, Pages 698-707Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/anu.12297
Keywords
Bacillus pumilus; Epinephelus coioides; growth performance; heat-inactivated probiotic; immune gene expression; immune response
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Funding
- Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Fujian Province University [JA13167]
- key Project of Science and Technology of Fujian Province [2014N0015]
- Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China [2014J01130]
- Xiamen Key Laboratory Project [3502Z20120013, 3502Z20130040]
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To evaluate the possible dietary application of live and heat-inactivated probiotic Bacillus pumilus SE5 in grouper Epinephelus coioides, juveniles (14.6 +/- 0.2 g) were fed either a basal control diet (without probiotic) or the basal diet supplemented with 1.0 x 10(8) CFU g(-1) live (T1) and heat-inactivated B. pumilus SE5 (T2). The heat-inactivated probiotic significantly improved the final weight, weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) at day 60 and significantly decreased the feed conversion ratio (FCR) at day 30 and 60, while the viable probiotic significantly decreased the FCR at day 60 (P < 0.05). Phagocytic activity, serum complement C3 and IgM levels as well as SOD activity elevated significantly in fish fed the heat-inactivated probiotic for 60 days (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the heat-inactivated probiotic remarkably up-regulated expression of TLR2 and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-8 and IL-1 beta) in head kidney (P < 0.05), but the viable probiotic failed to do so. These results indicated that heat-inactivated B. pumilus SE5 can effectively improve the growth performance and immune responses of E. coioides.
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