Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 350, Issue 6258, Pages 307-310Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aaa8525
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Funding
- Army Research Office [W911NF-14-1-0078]
- Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI)
- Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA)
- MIT Lincoln Laboratory under Air Force Contract [FA8721-05-C-0002]
- Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research MURI [FA9550-12-1-0488]
- Hertz Foundation Fellowship
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Detecting single-photon level signals-carriers of both classical and quantum information-is particularly challenging for low-energy microwave frequency excitations. Here we introduce a superconducting amplifier based on a Josephson junction transmission line. Unlike current standing-wave parametric amplifiers, this traveling wave architecture robustly achieves high gain over a bandwidth of several gigahertz with sufficient dynamic range to read out 20 superconducting qubits. To achieve this performance, we introduce a subwavelength resonant phase-matching technique that enables the creation of nonlinear microwave devices with unique dispersion relations. We benchmark the amplifier with weak measurements, obtaining a high quantum efficiency of 75% (70% including noise added by amplifiers following the Josephson amplifier). With a flexible design based on compact lumped elements, this Josephson amplifier has broad applicability to microwave metrology and quantum optics.
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