Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 350, Issue 6267, Pages 1541-1545Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aad3558
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Funding
- NSF-EAR [1225980]
- Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal [UID/Multi/04551/2013, PTDC/QUI-BIQ/100591/2008, PTDC/BBB-BQB/0684/2012]
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Germany [Da 351/6-2]
- FCT [SFRH/BD/77940/2011, SFRH/BPD/79823/2011]
- NSF-Graduate Research Fellowship Program
- Fossett Fellowship from Washington University in St. Louis
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/77940/2011, SFRH/BPD/79823/2011, PTDC/BBB-BQB/0684/2012] Funding Source: FCT
- Division Of Earth Sciences
- Directorate For Geosciences [1225980] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Microbial sulfate reduction has governed Earth's biogeochemical sulfur cycle for at least 2.5 billion years. However, the enzymatic mechanisms behind this pathway are incompletely understood, particularly for the reduction of sulfite-a key intermediate in the pathway. This critical reaction is performed by DsrAB, a widespread enzyme also involved in other dissimilatory sulfur metabolisms. Using in vitro assays with an archaeal DsrAB, supported with genetic experiments in a bacterial system, we show that the product of sulfite reduction by DsrAB is a protein-based trisulfide, in which a sulfite-derived sulfur is bridging two conserved cysteines of DsrC. Physiological studies also reveal that sulfate reduction rates are determined by cellular levels of DsrC. Dissimilatory sulfate reduction couples the four-electron reduction of the DsrC trisulfide to energy conservation.
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