Journal
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
Volume 22, Issue 18, Pages 3344-3354Publisher
AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
DOI: 10.1091/mbc.E10-09-0739
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Funding
- German Research Association [STE 671/8-1]
- Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
- Max-Delbruck-Center for Molecular Medicine Helmholtz Association
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The calcium-binding protein S100A4 is a central mediator of metastasis formation in colon cancer. S100A4 is a target gene of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway, which is constitutively active in the majority of colon cancers. In this study a high-throughput screen was performed to identify small-molecule compounds targeting the S100A4-promoter activity. In this screen calcimycin was identified as a transcriptional inhibitor of S100A4. In colon cancer cells calcimycin treatment reduced S100A4 mRNA and protein expression in a dose-and time-dependent manner. S100A4-induced cellular processes associated with metastasis formation, such as cell migration and invasion, were inhibited by calcimycin in an S100A4-specific manner. Calcimycin reduced beta-catenin mRNA and protein levels despite the expression of Delta 45-mutated beta-catenin. Consequently, calcimycin inhibited Wnt/beta-catenin pathway activity and the expression of prominent beta-catenin target genes such as S100A4, cyclin D1, c-myc, and dickkopf-1. Finally, calcimycin treatment of human colon cancer cells inhibited metastasis formation in xenografted immunodeficient mice. Our results demonstrate that targeting the expression of S100A4 with calcimycin provides a functional strategy to restrict cell motility in colon cancer cells. Therefore calcimycin may be useful for studying S100A4 biology, and these studies may serve as a lead for the development of treatments for colon cancer metastasis.
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