Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 350, Issue 6263, Pages 938-943Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aab1595
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Funding
- DOE ARPA-E [DEAR0000389]
- Maryland Nano Center
- NispLab
- NSF as a MRSEC Shared Experimental Facility
- Oak Ridge Associated Universities postdoctoral fellowship
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Lithium-ion batteries raise safety, environmental, and cost concerns, which mostly arise from their nonaqueous electrolytes. The use of aqueous alternatives is limited by their narrow electrochemical stability window (1.23 volts), which sets an intrinsic limit on the practical voltage and energy output. We report a highly concentrated aqueous electrolyte whose window was expanded to similar to 3.0 volts with the formation of an electrode-electrolyte interphase. A full lithium-ion battery of 2.3 volts using such an aqueous electrolyte was demonstrated to cycle up to 1000 times, with nearly 100% coulombic efficiency at both low (0.15 coulomb) and high (4.5 coulombs) discharge and charge rates.
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