Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 348, Issue 6237, Pages -Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1261359
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Funding
- CNRS [GDR3280]
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL)
- Genoscope/CEA
- VIB
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn
- Universita degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca
- Fund for Scientific Research-Flanders
- Rega Institute, KU Leuven
- French Ministry of Research
- French Government [ANR-11-BTBR-0008, ANR-10-INBS-09-08, ANR-10-LABX-54]
- PSL Research University [ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02]
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche [PROMETHEUS/ANR-09-PCS-GENM-217, TARA GIRUS/ANR-09-PCS-GENM-218]
- European Union [287589, IHMS/HEALTH-F4-2010-261376]
- European Research Council [294823]
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [3790]
- Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [CGL2011-26848]
- Agencia de Gestio d'Ajusts Universitaris i Reserca [CONES 2010-0036]
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [26430184]
- FWO, BIO5, Biosphere 2
- Agnes b. and Etienne Bourgois
- Veolia Environment Foundation
- Region Bretagne
- Lorient Agglomeration
- World Courier
- Illumina
- EDF Foundation
- FRB
- Prince Albert II de Monaco Foundation
- French Ministry of Foreign Affairs
- Tara schooner
- European Research Council (ERC) [294823] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
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Microbes are dominant drivers of biogeochemical processes, yet drawing a global picture of functional diversity, microbial community structure, and their ecological determinants remains a grand challenge. We analyzed 7.2 terabases of metagenomic data from 243 Tara Oceans samples from 68 locations in epipelagic and mesopelagic waters across the globe to generate an ocean microbial reference gene catalog with >40 million nonredundant, mostly novel sequences from viruses, prokaryotes, and picoeukaryotes. Using 139 prokaryote-enriched samples, containing >35,000 species, we show vertical stratification with epipelagic community composition mostly driven by temperature rather than other environmental factors or geography. We identify ocean microbial core functionality and reveal that >73% of its abundance is shared with the human gut microbiome despite the physicochemical differences between these two ecosystems.
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