Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 349, Issue 6251, Pages 993-997Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aaa9420
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Funding
- NIH [R01-AI51530, R56-AI110630]
- J.P.B. Foundation
- UCB Pharma
- Helmsley Charitable Trust
- Wolpow Family Chair in the Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treatment and Research
- Boehringer Ingelheim Fonds
- Human Frontier Science Program
- European Molecular Biology Organization [ALTF 251-2011]
- Weizmann-National Postdoctoral Award for Advancing Women in Science
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T regulatory cells that express the transcription factor Foxp3 (Foxp3(+) T-regs) promote tissue homeostasis in several settings. We now report that symbiotic members of the human gut microbiota induce a distinct T-reg population in the mouse colon, which constrains immunoinflammatory responses. This induction-which we find to map to a broad, but specific, array of individual bacterial species-requires the transcription factor Ror gamma, paradoxically, in that Ror gamma is thought to antagonize FoxP3 and to promote T helper 17 (T(H)17) cell differentiation. Ror gamma's transcriptional footprint differs in colonic T-regs and T(H)17 cells and controls important effector molecules. Ror gamma, and the T-regs that express it, contribute substantially to regulating colonic T(H)1/T(H)17 inflammation. Thus, the marked context-specificity of Ror gamma results in very different outcomes even in closely related cell types.
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