Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 349, Issue 6254, Pages 1330-1334Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aab3272
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- Geosciences Research Program of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL)
- University of Illinois at Chicago
- University of Delaware
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The interface between minerals and aqueous solutions hosts globally important biogeochemical processes such as the growth and dissolution of carbonate minerals. Understanding such processes requires spatially and temporally resolved observations and experimental controls that precisely manipulate the interfacial thermodynamic state. Using the intense radiation fields of a focused synchrotron x-ray beam, we drove dissolution at the calcite/water interface and simultaneously probed the dynamics of the propagating reaction fronts using surface x-ray microscopy. Evolving surface structures were controlled by the time-dependent solution composition, as characterized by a kinetic reaction model. At extreme disequilibria, we observed the onset of reaction front instabilities with velocities of > 30 nanometers per second. These instabilities serve as a signature of transport-limited dissolution of calcite under extreme disequilibrium.
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