Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 348, Issue 6237, Pages -Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1261605
Keywords
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Funding
- CNRS [GDR3280]
- EMBL
- Genoscope/CEA
- UPMC
- VIB
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn
- UNIMIB
- Rega Institute
- KU Leuven
- Fund for Scientific Research - The French Ministry of Research
- French Government [ANR-11-BTBR-0008, ANR-10-INBS-09-08, ANR-10-LABX-54]
- PSL* Research University [ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02]
- ANR [POSEIDON/ANR-09-BLAN-0348, PROMETHEUS/ANR-09-PCS-GENM-217, PHYTBACK/ANR-2010-1709-01, TARA-GIRUS/ANR-09-PCS-GENM-218]
- EU FP7 [287589, IHMS/HEALTH-F4-2010-261376]
- European Research Council [294823]
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [3790]
- Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [CGL2011-26848/BOS]
- Agency for Administration of University and Research Grants (AGAUR) [CONES 2010-0036]
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [26430184]
- Veolia Environment Foundation
- Lorient Agglomeration
- World Courier
- Illumina
- Electricite de France Foundation
- Fondation pour la Recherche sur la Biodiversite
- Prince Albert II de Monaco Foundation
- Tara schooner
- French Ministry of Foreign Affairs
- EBI [PRJEB402, PRJEB6610]
- European Research Council (ERC) [294823] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
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Marine plankton support global biological and geochemical processes. Surveys of their biodiversity have hitherto been geographically restricted and have not accounted for the full range of plankton size. We assessed eukaryotic diversity from 334 size-fractionated photic-zone plankton communities collected across tropical and temperate oceans during the circumglobal Tara Oceans expedition. We analyzed 18S ribosomal DNA sequences across the intermediate plankton-size spectrum from the smallest unicellular eukaryotes (protists, > 0.8 micrometers) to small animals of a few millimeters. Eukaryotic ribosomal diversity saturated at similar to 150,000 operational taxonomic units, about one-third of which could not be assigned to known eukaryotic groups. Diversity emerged at all taxonomic levels, both within the groups comprising the similar to 11,200 cataloged morphospecies of eukaryotic plankton and among twice as many other deep-branching lineages of unappreciated importance in plankton ecology studies. Most eukaryotic plankton biodiversity belonged to heterotrophic protistan groups, particularly those known to be parasites or symbiotic hosts.
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