Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 349, Issue 6252, Pages 1101-1106Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aac4812
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Funding
- Ministry of Science, Technology, and Space, Israel
- Strauss Institute fellowship for nutritional research
- Boehringer Ingelheim Fonds Ph.D. Fellowship
- Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust
- Gurwin Family Fund for Scientific Research
- Crown Endowment Fund for Immunological Research
- Benoziyo Endowment Fund for the Advancement of Science
- Adelis Foundation
- CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)
- European Research Council
- German-Israel Binational foundation
- Israel Science Foundation (ISF)
- Minerva Foundation
- Rising Tide foundation
- European Research Council (ERC)
- ISF
- estate of Jack Gitlitz
- estate of Lydia Hershkovich
- estate of Samuel and Alwyn J. Weber
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Metagenomic sequencing increased our understanding of the role of the microbiome in health and disease, yet it only provides a snapshot of a highly dynamic ecosystem. Here, we show that the pattern of metagenomic sequencing read coverage for different microbial genomes contains a single trough and a single peak, the latter coinciding with the bacterial origin of replication. Furthermore, the ratio of sequencing coverage between the peak and trough provides a quantitative measure of a species' growth rate. We demonstrate this in vitro and in vivo, under different growth conditions, and in complex bacterial communities. For several bacterial species, peak-to-trough coverage ratios, but not relative abundances, correlated with the manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease and type II diabetes.
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