Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 349, Issue 6243, Pages -Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aac4722
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Funding
- Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation
- Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre of the International Atomic Energy Agency
- BNP Paribas Foundation
- Monegasque Association for Ocean Acidification
- French National Research Agency (CapAdapt project) [ANR-2011-JSH1-004 01]
- RESCCUE project - French Development Agency
- French Global Environment Facility [AFD CZZ 1647 01 F, FFEM CZZ 1667 01 H]
- Nippon Foundation-UBC Nereus Program
- Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council
- UK Ocean Acidification research program
- Swiss National Science Foundation
- Commission through the European Union Framework Programme 7 project CARBOCHANGE [264879]
- University of Queensland
- Australian Research Council Centre for Excellence
- ARC Laureate Fellowship
- PACES program
- BIOACID program
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
- NASA
- government of the Principality of Monaco
- NERC [pml010005, pml010009] Funding Source: UKRI
- Natural Environment Research Council [pml010009, pml010005] Funding Source: researchfish
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The ocean moderates anthropogenic climate change at the cost of profound alterations of its physics, chemistry, ecology, and services. Here, we evaluate and compare the risks of impacts on marine and coastal ecosystems-and the goods and services they provide-for growing cumulative carbon emissions under two contrasting emissions scenarios. The current emissions trajectory would rapidly and significantly alter many ecosystems and the associated services on which humans heavily depend. A reduced emissions scenario-consistent with the Copenhagen Accord's goal of a global temperature increase of less than 2 degrees C-is much more favorable to the ocean but still substantially alters important marine ecosystems and associated goods and services. The management options to address ocean impacts narrow as the ocean warms and acidifies. Consequently, any new climate regime that fails to minimize ocean impacts would be incomplete and inadequate.
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