Journal
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
Volume 326, Issue 1-2, Pages 85-88Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2010.04.006
Keywords
BMP-4; Pituitary tumors; Retinoic acid; TGF-beta; Prolactin; ACTH
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BMP-4 plays a crucial role not only in the formation of the anterior pituitary during embryo development but also in the pathogenesis of pituitary tumors in adults. In tumor cells, BMP-4 promotes prolactin secretion and lactotroph cell proliferation through a Smad-estrogen receptor crosstalk but it inhibits ACTH production and cell proliferation of corticotrophs. In addition, BMP-4 increases GH secretion in rat pituitary tumor somatolactotroph GH3 cells and FSH beta subunit gene transcription in the murine gonadotroph cell line, L beta T2. Therefore, BMP-4 has a differential role on different types of pituitary tumors: it promotes pituitary prolactinoma while it inhibits corticotroph pathogenesis in Cushing's disease. The modulation of BMP-4 also plays an important role in the therapeutic mechanism of action of bromocriptine, somatostatin analogs and retinoic acid. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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