Journal
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
Volume 302, Issue 2, Pages 140-147Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2008.11.007
Keywords
Cardiac hypertrophy; G protein-coupled receptor; Inverse agonist; Mechanical stress; Receptor conformation
Categories
Funding
- Japanese Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture,
- Japan Health Sciences Foundation
- Takeda Medical Research Foundation
- Takeda Science Foundation
- Uehara Memorial Foundation
- Kato Memorial Trust
- Japan Medical Association
- Mochida Memorial Foundation
- Japanese Heart Foundation/Novartis Research Award
- Japan Intractable Diseases Research Foundation
- Kowa Life Science Foundation
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The angiotensin II (AngII) type 1 (AT(1)) receptor is a seven-transmembrane C protein-coupled receptor, and is involved in regulating the physiological and pathological process of the cardiovascular system. Systemically and locally generated AngII has agonistic action on AT(1) receptor, but recent studies have demonstrated that AT(1) receptor inherently shows spontaneous activity even in the absence of AngII. Furthermore, mechanical stress can activate AT, receptor by inducing conformational switch without the involvement of AngII, and induce cardiac hypertrophy in vivo. These agonist-independent activities of AT(1) receptor can be inhibited by inverse agonists, but not by neutral antagonists. Considerable attention has been directed to molecular mechanisms and clinical implications of agonist-independent AT(1) receptor activation, and inverse agonist activity emerges as an important pharmacological parameter for AT(1) receptor blockers that will improve efficacy and expand therapeutic potentials in cardiovascular medicine. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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