Journal
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY
Volume 33, Issue 11, Pages 2327-2338Publisher
AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
DOI: 10.1128/MCB.01421-12
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Funding
- NIH, American Diabetes Association grant [DRC-P30DK079638, 7-12-BS-210]
- Caroline Wiess Law Fund for Molecular Medicine
- BCM Huffington Center On Aging
- Alkek Foundation
- American Diabetes Association [1-13-BS-118]
- NIH [R01DK093587, R00DK085330, P30 DK079638-03, K08HL091176]
- American Diabetes Association
- Klarman Family Foundation
- Naman Family Fund for Basic Research
- Curtis Hankamer Basic Research Fund
- [R56 DK089061-01]
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Circadian disruption has deleterious effects on metabolism. Global deletion of Bmal1, a core clock gene, results in beta-cell dysfunction and diabetes. However, it is unknown if this is due to loss of cell-autonomous function of Bmal1 in beta cells. To address this, we generated mice with beta-cell clock disruption by deleting Bmal1 in beta cells (beta-Bmal1(-/-)). beta-Bmal1(-/-) mice develop diabetes due to loss of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). This loss of GSIS is due to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and consequent mitochondrial uncoupling, as it is fully rescued by scavenging of the ROS or by inhibition of uncoupling protein 2. The expression of the master antioxidant regulatory factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) and its targets, Sesn2, Prdx3, Gclc, and Gclm, was decreased in beta-Bmal1(-/-) islets, which may contribute to the observed increase in ROS accumulation. In addition, by chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments, we show that Nrf2 is a direct transcriptional target of Bmal1. Interestingly, simulation of shift work-induced circadian misalignment in mice recapitulates many of the defects seen in Bmal1-deficient islets. Thus, the cell-autonomous function of Bmal1 is required for normal beta-cell function by mitigating oxidative stress and serves to preserve beta-cell function in the face of circadian misalignment.
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